Haruspicy
Haruspicy (Latin haruspex) is divination by examining the entrails of sacrificed animals, especially the liver. Etruscan practice (8th-3rd centuries BC), adopted by the Romans. The famous bronze Piacenza Liver (2nd century BC) is a divinatory map: liver divided into regions corresponding to deities.
Religious context
The haruspex was a state office in Rome: official consulted before military campaigns and political decisions. Cicero documented practices and criticisms in De divinatione.