Occultism
Occultism is the modern Western movement (19th-20th centuries) that systematized esoteric traditions: Eliphas Lévi (1810-1875), Helena Blavatsky (1831-1891), Papus (Gérard Encausse, 1865-1916), Aleister Crowley (1875-1947). Brought traditional ceremonial magic, hermetic Kabbalah, tarot, astrology and esoteric Freemasonry to the modern world.
Important schools
- Theosophical Society (1875) — Blavatsky.
- Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn (1888) — Westcott, Mathers.
- O.T.O. (Ordo Templi Orientis, 1895) — Crowley.
- Anthroposophical Society (1913) — Rudolf Steiner.